A Pre- experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among Primigravida Women in Selected Areas of District Jalandhar, Punjab, 2015.

Ms. Sandeep Kaur¹, Ms. Ramandeep Kaur², Ms Sonia Sharma³

¹M.Sc(N) Final Year student, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, S.G.L. Nursing College Semi, Jalandhar, Punjab.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, S.G.L. Nursing College Semi, Jalandhar, Punjab.

³Department of Obstetric and Gynaecological Nursing, S.G.L. Nursing College Semi, Jalandhar, Punjab.

*Corresponding Author’s Email: sandeepchandi07@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Background of the study: - Pregnancy and Childbirth are the most important event of a woman’s life. Too many mothers and children in the world are dying or suffering from the effect of ill health, poor nutrition and inadequate health care. Each year, more than half a million mothers die in childbirth. Parenting is the hardest job any people will ever have. Planning about parenthood is considered as a vital step in economic and social planning. It helps to improve socio cultural changes, provide an opportunity for the couple to decide the family size, thereby reduce the mortality and morbidity rate of mother and children.

Objectives

1. To assess the pretest knowledge regarding planned parenthood among primigravida women.

2. To assess the posttest knowledge regarding planned parenthood among primigravida women.

3. To compare the pretest and posttest knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among primigravida women.

4. To find out the association between posttest knowledge regarding planned parenthood among primigravida women and selected socio-demographic variables.

Research Methodology:-Pre – experimental research design (one group pretest and posttest) research design was used in the study. The sample size was 60 primigravida women were selected from selected areas of district Jalandhar, Punjab using Multistage sampling technique.

Result and Conclusion: The pretest mean knowledge score was14.43 and posttest mean knowledge score was 24.48. The significant difference between pretest and posttest mean knowledge 16.800* so research hypothesis (H1) was accepted at p<0.05 level of significance. Hence, it was concluded that structured teaching programme was useful in providing knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood.

KEYWORDS: Structured teaching programme, knowledge, Planned Parenthood.

INTRODUCTION:

Pregnancy and Childbirth are the most important event of a woman’s life. Pregnancy is a normal physiological process. Most of the time women achieves normal pregnancy outcome without any complications .Too many mothers and children in the world are dying or suffering from the effect of ill health, poor nutrition and inadequate health care. Each year, more than half a million mothers die in childbirth. At the same time 6 million children under the age of 5 year die from a handful of preventable and treatable conditions.¹

A Cross-sectional study survey collected information at the health facility level, using on process indicate services. The study enrolled 170 health facilities from a randomly selected district in Punjab. The results found that 65.72% obstetric complication is due to unplanned pregnancy. The study concluded that the problem is due to low financial level and they take efforts to improve obstetric care at low cost to improve maternal health. So in Punjab with a population of 28 million of whom 67% live in rural area lags behind many countries with similar income level in terms of its maternal mortality ratio, which stands out at 178 per 100,000 live births due to unplanned pregnancy.²

Planned Parenthood is a passionate and trustworthy advocacy for policies that enable access to comprehensive, sexual, reproductive health care, education and information. The components of Planned Parenthood are avoiding abortion, family planning, prevention of complications during pregnancy, prevention of sexually transmitted disease during pregnancy, importance of institutional deliveries and medical termination of pregnancies. Another important component of Planned Parenthood is education. Pregnancy should be planned to prevent consequences in women. By planning your pregnancy, you will know that during this important early stage you were taking the best possible care of yourself and your baby. Along with that it also helps to conceive more easily and to have a healthier pregnancy, avoid or minimize pregnancy complications, give birth to a healthier baby, have a more pleasant postpartum (post birthing) experience and minimize your child's risk of future adult health problems. ³

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

The study was conducted among primigravida women in selected areas of District Jalandhar. Researcher selected 8 areas i.e. 4 urban areas and 4 rural areas. In Jalandhar district, there are total 10 blocks which covers 954 villages. Researcher selected 4 rural areas zone wise i.e. from North West Nurpur, from north east Heerapur, from south west Phull Ghudu Wall, from south east Talan village. In Jalandhar city, there are total 60 wards. Among those wards 4 urban areas were selected randomly and zone wise i.e from North West Maksuda, from north east Kishanpura, from south west Lohian Khas and from south east Ramamandi. Further sample was selected by multistage sampling technique i.e. lottery method. Pre – experimental research design (one group pretest and posttest) was adopted and a total of 60 primigravida women were selected for study, who met the inclusion criteria. Self – structured interview schedule was used to assess the knowledge of primigravida women regarding Planned Parenthood.

RESULTS:

The first objective revealed that in pretest knowledge score, majority 34 (56/7%) were having average knowledge 19(31.7%) were having good knowledge, and least 7(11.7%) having below average knowledge.

The second objective revealed that posttest knowledge score after administration of structured teaching programme maximum 40 (66.7%) had excellent knowledge and 20(33.3%) had good knowledge regarding the Planned Parenthood.

According to third objective in present study comparison in pretest and posttest mean knowledge score. Pretest mean knowledge score was 14.43 and posttest mean knowledge score was 24.48 was statistically significant at p<0.05 level as calculated’ value(t=16.800*) was more than the table value at p<0.05 level of significance. Hence STP was effective in providing knowledge.

The fourth objective revealed that there was significant association between mean knowledge score and residence.

CONCLUSION:

A total number of 60 samples were selected for the study. The Pretest mean knowledge 14.43 and posttest mean knowledge score 24.48. There was significant difference between pretest and posttest knowledge score16.800* research hypothesis was accepted at p <0.05 level significant and null hypothesis was rejected. Residence pursuing had impact on knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among primigravida women. Hence, it was concluded that structured teaching programme was useful in providing knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood.

DISCUSSION:

The first objective was to assess the pretest knowledge score regarding Planned Parenthood among primigravida women. The majority 19(31.7%) were having good knowledge, 34(56.7%) were having average knowledge and 7(11.7%) having below average knowledge.

According to second objective to assess the posttest in the present study structured teaching programme implemented through lecture-cum –discussion method, and with audio-visual aids .After that test findings of the present study revealed that maximum40 (66.7%) had excellent knowledge and 20 (33.3%) had good knowledge regarding the Planned Parenthood.

According to third objective in present study comparison, in pretest and posttest mean knowledge score. Pretest mean knowledge 14.43 and posttest mean knowledge score 24.48. it was statistically significant at p<0.05 level as calculated’ value (t=16.800*) was more than the table value at p<0.05 level of significance.

The fourth objective was to find out association between post test knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among primigravida women and selected socio-demographic variables.Present study revealed that significant association was foundin residence.

The findings of the objective were supported by Ms. Rekha. B (2012), conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among antenatal mother in selected areas at Tumkur. The findings of posttest in the study shows that in mean percentage of knowledge in the pretest was 40.33% with mean and SD of 2.1%and 1.2849. After the administration planned teaching programme the mean percentage had increased to 61.72% with mean and SD of 18.53 and 1.2002.the obtained ‘t’ value (28.2P<0.05) was higher than the tab value indicating the effectiveness of planned teaching programme.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

I want to express my gratitude especially to the sarpanchs and municipal corporation, who allowed me to conduct study and the subjects those who participated in the study. I also want to thank my affectionate and adoring Parents, brothers and family and my guide Ms. Ramandeep Kaur and co-guide Ms. Shonia Sharma and my friends for their constant support and encouragement.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS:

1. Written permission was taken from Principal, S.G.L. Nursing College Semi, Jalandhar, Punjab.

2. Ethical clearance was taken from Ethical Clearance Committee of S.G.L. Nursing College, Semi, Jalandhar, Punjab.

3. Written permission was obtained from concerned authorities of selected areas of District Jalandhar, Punjab.

4. Written Informed consent was taken from each study sample. Anonymity and confidentiality of samples will be maintained throughout the study.

Source of Funding: Self

Conflict of Interest: Nil

REFERENCES:

1. B Rekha. A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among antenatal mothers (2011-2013).

2. Humera H, conducted study on knowledge attitude and practice of contraception among married women. Kashmir. 2013.

3. Component of planned parenthood http//.www.midwifery.ubc.ca and http//www.cmbc.bc.ca./reviewed on 12-5-2010.